C/C++语言中的概念

1 specifier (说明符)

1.1 format specifier(格式说明符)

SPECIFIER	USED FOR
%c	a single character
%s	a string
%hi	short (signed)
%hu	short (unsigned)
%Lf	long double
%n	prints nothing
%d	a decimal integer (assumes base 10)
%i	a decimal integer (detects the base automatically)
%o	an octal (base 8) integer
%x	a hexadecimal (base 16) integer
%p	an address (or pointer)
%f	a floating point number for floats
%u	int unsigned decimal
%e	a floating point number in scientific notation
%E	a floating point number in scientific notation
%%	the % symbol

1.2 access specifier (访问说明符)

public, private, protected

1.3 declaration specifier(声明说明符)

friend,typedef, constexpr。

1.3.1 storage class specifier(存储类别说明符)

register, static, thread_local, extern, mutable.

1.3.2 function specifier(函数说明符)

inline, virtual, explicit。

1.3.3 type specifier(类型说明符)

int, float。

1.3.4 alignment specifier(对齐说明符)

alignas

1.3.5 nested name specifier(嵌套命名说明符)

::